The development of TCM doctrine of depression syndrome has undergone 5 different stages including origin of theory, rudiment of differentiation and treatment, deepening of knowledge, formation of doctrine and perfection of system. The theory of five-depression and depression inducing by emotion in Huang Di Nei Jing and ZHANG Zhong-jing's theoretical system of depression differentiation and treatment created the research on the doctrine of depression syndrome. CHEN Wu-duo's theory of seven emotional causes made the further cognition on depression syndrome. In Jin and Yuan Dynasties, LIU Wan-su's theory of depressed heat stagnation, ZHANG Zi-he's theory of liver-spleen stagnation, LI Dong-yuan's theory of depression inducing by qi deficiency, six depressions theory of school of Danxi and WANG Lv's new theory of therapies for five depressions all had improved the formation of doctrine of depression syndrome. The doctors in Ming and Qing Dynasties proposed the theory of all diseases accompanied by depression, perfected the differentiation and therapeutic system for five depressions and six depressions, paid more attention to emotions as the cause of depression and therapeutic principle of supporting Yuan qi for soothing depression, and the doctrine with rich connotation had taken shape. Throughout the recognition on depression syndrome in all ages, TCM doctrine of depression syndrome contains a series of depressive states after seven emotions, pathogens and medicinal acting on the body, which involve functions of organs and qi, blood, fluid and humor. The content of research includes depression ofzang-organ qi, depression of disease qi, depression of pathogens, depression of emotions and depression of drugs. The thought of differentiation and treatment in this content can guide us to understand and treat different diseases. The future development direction of doctrine of depression syndrome may be firstly to integrate the doctrine of depression syndrome with modern psychological medicine theory, and complete the differentiation and treatment based on the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, and secondly to comb and clear the relation between deficiency and depression and method of differentiation and treatment from the aspect of traditional literature research.%中医学郁证学说发展经历了理论源起、辨治雏形、认识深入、学说形成、体系完善5个不同阶段.《黄帝内经》的五郁论和情志致郁论述,张仲景的郁证辨证论治体系开创了郁证学说研究的先河.陈无铎等郁证七情病因理论,使郁证的认识得到进一步的深入.金元时期,刘完素怫热郁结论、张子和肝脾郁结论、李东垣气虚致郁论、丹溪学派六郁论、王履五郁治法新论的提出促进了郁证学说的形成.明清医家倡导百病兼郁论,完善五郁、六郁辨证治疗体系,重视情志致郁的发病原因和培元舒郁的治郁法则,真正形成了内涵丰富的学说.纵观历代对郁证的认识,中医学的郁证学说包括了七情、病邪、药物等因素作用于机体后出现的一系列郁滞状态,涉及到脏腑功能、气血津液等诸多因素,其研究内容包括脏气郁、病气郁、客气郁、情志郁、药郁等,其中包含的辨证论治思想可以用于指导我们认识和治疗各种疾病.今后郁证学说发展的方向应该是,第一从中西医结合角度,将郁证学说与现代精神医学理论结合,完善中医情志郁的辨证治疗；第二从传统文献研究角度,系统梳理并明确虚、郁之间的确切关系和辨证论治方法.
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