丝状膨胀好氧颗粒污泥细菌组成及丝状膨胀的控制

摘要

采用构建16S rDNA克隆文库方法对发生丝状膨胀的好氧颗粒污泥的细菌种群进行研究.结果表明,丝状膨胀的好氧颗粒污泥共包含六大类群,分别是β-proteobacteria（36.23%）、Sphingobacteria（20.29%）、δ-Pro-teobacteria（13.04%）、Flavobacteria（10.14%）、γ-Proteobacteria（1.45%）和Actinobacteria（1.45%）,通过序列比对可知好氧颗粒污泥中存在Sphaerotilus natans等丝状菌,但根据所占比例确定其不是导致好氧颗粒污泥丝状膨胀的细菌.对膨胀颗粒污泥外边缘的丝状微生物进一步鉴定,发现它属于丝状真菌.试验验证了进水pH随运行时间降低是导致葡萄糖配水培养好氧颗粒污泥发生丝状膨胀的主要原因.采用缩短运行周期、运行过程中投加NaHCO3和减少曝气量的方法均可预防好氧颗粒污泥的丝状膨胀,但投加碱度是最直接有效的方法,且在发生丝状膨胀初期还可通过该方法控制膨胀.%The bacterial composition of the aerobic granular sludge under filamentous bulking was studied by construction of 16S rDNA clone library.The results indicated that the bacterial community in aerobic granular sludge included 6 major groups： β-proteobacteria,Sphingobacteria,δ-Proteobacteria,Flavobacteria,γ-proteobacteria and Actinobacteria,and their portions were 36.23%,20.29%,13.04%,10.12%,1.45% and 1.45%,respectively.Sequence analysis also indicated that filamentous bacterial such as Sphaerotilus natans existed in aerobic granular sludge,but it was not the main cause of filamentous bulking based on the occurrence frequency of clones in 16S rDNA clone library.Filamentous microorganism from outer edge of aerobic granular sludge was picked out for further identification and was identified to belong to filamentous fungi.Experiment proves that pH decreasing with running time is the main cause for filamentous bulking.Shorten running time of the cycle,adding NaHCO3 to reactor and decreasing aeration rate during process of operation all can prevent filamentous bulking.And as the most direct and effective way,adding NaHCO3 to reactor even can control filamentous bulking at it initial stage.