北京郊区农村老年人意愿养老方式的影响因素

摘要

[目的]为促进北京郊区农村养老资源配置和养老服务供给提供参考.[方法]使用描述统计方法探明农村老年人当前养老方式和意愿养老方式,使用Logistic回归方法考察意愿养老方式的影响因素和作用方向.[结果]农村老年人意愿养老方式呈现多样化,家庭养老仍是最主要的意愿养老方式,但已较大程度低于当前家庭养老比例,意愿养老方式选择公办养老机构、社区居家、私营养老机构的比例呈增加态势;女性、高龄、文化程度为初中、收入与支出平衡、仅有儿子、子女经济条件较差的农村老年人更倾向选择机构养老.[结论]农村老年人意愿养老方式的实现面临经济有限、子女工作忙和与子女居住距离远、日常生活和生病时缺乏照顾、养老服务供给匮乏等现实挑战,建议加强农村养老资源和养老服务的合理优化配置,促进农村养老服务的发展.%[Objective]This paper examines factors influencing intended means of old-age care (IMOCs) to provide reference for promoting the allocation of resources and the supply of services for old-age care in the rural areas in Beijing.[Methods]Descriptive statistics is used to investigate the current and intended means of old-age care.Logistic regression method is used to examine the factors influencing the IMOCs.[Results]The IMOCs,of which the family model still plays a dominant but decreasingly important role,are diversified.Other IMOCs such as public institutions,community home and private institution are increasing.The old women,the oldest old,and those old people who just have junior high school education,who have only sons and whose children are poor are more likely to choose institutions.[Conclusion]The IMOCs are faced with challenges such as low income,living far away from their children,lack of care in daily life and illness,and short supply of elderly-care services.Thus,the allocation of resources and the supply of services for old-age care should be optimized to deal with the challenges to promote the development of elderly-care industry in the rural areas in Beijing.