就业是民生之本，农民就业历来是就业问题的难点所在，也是解决“三农”问题的关键切八点。以往的旅游经济影响研究多从旅游经济效益、旅游对就业的带动等宏观角度探讨旅游发展对旅游目的地的经济影响，而该文尝试从微观角度考察旅游发展对农民就业的影响。该文选择三亚市吉阳镇为案例地，主要采用深入访谈法、观察法和文献分析等方法对研究问题展开研究，对政府工作人员、村委会人员、景区管理人员、当地农民进行深度访谈。研究发现，农民旅游就业规模扩大，农民旅游就业者男性多于女性、年轻化、低文化素质水平趋势明显，同时就业形式以自组织为主，工作变动频繁。宏观经济结构、旅游业发展情况、产业收入差距等宏观因素与农民自身状况等微观因素共同影响着农民旅游就业情况。%Employment of farmers is the key issue to address the problems of the current rural society. Most of the previous tourism economic impact studies analyze its impacts on the tourism economic benefits and the employments from macro approach. This paper explores the impact of tourism on local farmer＇s job opportunity from a micro perspective. This paper takes Jiyang, Sanya City, Hainan Province as a case. Twenty days of fieldwork was conducted in the local communities. Data was collected through in depth interviews, observation and secondary sources. 1n-depth interviews with the local government, village committees, scenic spots and local farmers were taken. The result shows that the farmers employed in tourism and tourism related seetors are expanding. The pattern of employment is clear that more males are employed than females and the employed tend is young and less educated. Most of the employments are self employed and the turn over rate is high. The tourism employment of farmers are impacted together by macro economic factors such as regional economic structure, the tourism employment opportunities and wage differences among the industrial sectors, and the micro factors such as individual and family factors.
展开▼
