法律语言中“可以”语意特征分析——兼论语言规范和法律语言规范

摘要

In everyday use style, the commonly used auxiliary ＂may＂ does not necessarily refer to a single meaning. In legal style, the meaning of the word ＂may＂ is even more varied. This article makes a comprehensive and inductive analysis of the word used in the Criminal Law in order to explore its diverse semantic featm＇es. Ordinary people in the legal profession think that the word ＂may＂ in the Criminal Law is mainly used to indicate empowering norm and to give discretion to the judicature. That is, the word indicates ＂probability＂. As a matter of fact, it is not the case. Consequently, there arise some unnecessary controversial issues.%日常语体中常见词“可以”词义特征并非单一，而法律语体中“可以”的语意特征更趋复杂。本文通过对该词《刑法》用例的全面归纳与分析，探求《刑法》中“可以”的各种不同的语意特征。一般法律人士认为，《刑法》中“可以”主要表示授权性规范，给司法机关以自由裁量权，即表示“--l-~g”意，而实际情况则不然，所以引起了一些不必要的争议。