宝鸡市区地表温度反演与城市热岛分布格局时空演变研究*

摘要

Purposes—To alleviate the urban environmental problems and rationally plan the future development of the city by studying the spatial‐temporal evolution and distribution characteristics of heat island effect in recent 20 years based on the land surface temperature retrieval in the urban area of Baoji City ,Shaanxi ,China .Methods—The land surface temperature (LST ) of Baoji City (terrace‐type city along the Weihe River ) is retrieved by using GIS and RS technology based on the data of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 TIRS images from 1995 to 2015 and the data from meteorological sta‐tion ,on that basis ,the spatial‐temporal evolution of urban heat island distribution pattern is investi‐gated ,and the spatial correspondence between LST and NDVI & NDBI is analyzed .Results and Con‐clusions—T he results show that the urban heat island effect of Baoji City is obvious ,the distribution of heat field and the spatial distribution of Baoji City are consistent ,the area of the heat island is in‐creasing year by year .The area of the low temperature and secondary medium temperature decreases while commensurable medium temperature and high temperature increases ,the heat island intensity is obviously enhanced .On the spatial pattern of the terrace‐type city along the Weihe River ,there was a negative correlation between the surface temperature and NDVI ,but positive correlation between the surface temperature and NDBI .%目的：反演宝鸡市市区的地表温度，定量分析研究近20年来研究区热岛效应的时空演变和分布特征，以缓解城市环境问题和合理规划未来城市的发展。方法利用1995－2015年Landsat 5 TM 和Landsat 8 TIRS影像数据和气象台站资料，采用GIS和RS技术，实现对渭河阶地型城市———宝鸡市地表温度（LST ）的反演，并在此基础上进行热岛分布格局的时空演变研究，分析 LST 与NDVI ， NDBI的空间对应关系。结果与结论宝鸡市存在明显的城市热岛效应，热场分布及延伸与宝鸡市空间扩展布局相一致，热岛范围呈逐年增长的趋势，低温区和次中温区面积减小，相应的次高温和高温区面积增加，热岛强度明显增强。在渭河阶地型城市的空间格局上，地表温度与NDVI呈负相关关系，与NDBI呈正相关关系。