步枪弹对复合防护人体上躯干冲击有限元分析

摘要

To study the mechanism and evaluation of behind composite armor blunt trauma,the mechanical response of high-velocity bullet impacting on human torso was investigated by FEA numerical simulation.A human torso finite element model including thoracic skeletal structure, organs,muscle/skin was developed based on CT scanning images of an adult Chinese man. According to the process of bullet penetrating armor process and armor structure,the finite element model of composite body-armor was set up.The mechanical response of high velocity bullet impacting on human torso outfitted with composite body armor was numerically simulated by the explicit finite element method.The dynamic response of heart,lung,liver stomach,and sternum were obtained.The numerical results are in accordance with experimental results.The model and parameters are validated.The simulation results revealed impact response characteristics of human torso and armor blunt trauma mechanism.The finite element model of human torso behind composite armor with suitable configuration and parameter is available for the simulation of behind armor blunt trauma.%对高速步枪弹撞击带复合防护人体上躯干冲击响应进行了有限元建模和数值计算分析，以CT扫描获取人体上躯干建模源图像，建立了包括皮肤、肌肉、胸廓骨骼结构、主要内脏器官和纵膈在内的人体上躯干有限元模型；根据步枪弹高速侵彻特点，建立了软硬复合防弹衣有限元模型，利用显式非线性有限元方法对高速步枪弹撞击带软硬复合防护衣的人体上躯干的冲击响应进行数值计算，获得了皮肤、胸骨、心脏、肺脏、肝脏以及胃的动态冲击响应情况。计算结果与实验结果的对比验证了有限元计算模型的正确性，数值计算结果定量揭示了人体上躯干靶标动力响应特性和软硬复合防弹衣后人体钝性损伤时压力传递机制，为冲击效应与损伤评估提供了基本数据，为数值模拟步枪弹高速钝击有软硬复合防护的人体靶标作用效应提供了一种有效方法。