中段弹头IMM-EKF跟踪方法及性能分析

摘要

In order to improve the convergence rate and precision of midcourse target tracking, an algorithm based on IMM ( Interaction Multiple Model )-EKF ( Extended Kalman Filter ) was proposed. Based on the variation characteristic of acceleration of midcourse target,three-dimensional target-motion-model and measurements model were built by using velocity measured-value. A comparative analysis between IMM-EKF and traditional EKF was carried out. The simulation results show that IMM-EKF algorithm can improve the convergence rate of midcourse target tracking,and the tracking precision can also be improved by using velocity measured-value. The proposed filtering method has better tracking per-formance in midocurse,and it is effective.%为了提高中段弹头跟踪收敛速度以及跟踪精度,提出了一种基于交互多模型( IMM )的扩展卡尔曼滤波( Extended Kalman Filter,EKF)的跟踪算法。基于中段弹头加速度变化特点,建立了目标的中段系统动力学模型及量测模型,通过引入速度测量值,使用IMM-EKF算法对中段目标进行跟踪。仿真结果表明,通过交互多模的非线性滤波算法,可以使中段跟踪收敛速度大为加快,速度测量值的引入也使得跟踪精度有所提高,并在弹头中段与再入段衔接处有较好的跟踪性能；验证了IMM-EKF跟踪中段弹头的有效性。