汽油直喷发动机的颗粒物排放研究综述(英文)

摘要

Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines produce more particulate matter (PM) emissions compared with port fuel injection (PFI) engines.Facing the upcoming stringent regulations in Europe and China,much attention has been paid to reduce the PM emissions of GDI engines.This article provided a brief overview of the research works on particulate matter emissions of gasoline engines,especially for GDI engines to reduce the particulate matter emission,and to meet the requirement of the upcoming stringent regulation.First,discussed the formation of particulate matter in gasoline engines and the difference between GDI and PFI engines.Then,analyzed the mechanisms leading to the GDI engines' higher PM emission.Moreover,summarized some recent research and development trends of studies on particulate emissions of GDI engines.At last,discussed different approaches to reduce the particle emissions of GDI engines.The results show that gasoline particle filter (GPF) has good potential to be a suitable and cost effective solution,even when considering the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide penalties.%相比于多点电喷(PFI)发动机,汽油直喷(GDI)发动机会产生更多的颗粒物(PM)排放.目前欧洲和中国即将实施更严格的排放法规,尤其对直喷发动机有颗粒物数目(PN)的要求.为了满足即将到来的严格的排放标准,降低直喷发动机颗粒物排放,本文概略综述了汽油发动机的颗粒物排放(尤其是汽油直喷发动机)的研究工作.讨论了汽油发动机产生颗粒物的过程,对比了直喷和歧管喷射的不同.分析了直喷发动机产生高颗粒物排放的机理.总结了近期关于直喷发动机的研究趋势.讨论了不同降低直喷发动机颗粒物排放的方法.结果表明:即便考虑到燃油消耗和二氧化碳增加的情况,汽油机颗粒物过滤器(GPF)仍有潜力成为合适并有性价比的一种解决方案.