OSA H S患者与单纯打鼾者鼾声声学特性初步研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the acoustic characteristics of snoring sound in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and with simple snoring. Methods 22 patients with OSAHS and 15 with simple snoring were included in this study. Natural overnight snoring was digitally recorded and portable sleep mo-nitoring was performed simultaneously. 10 snores, which were the 1st snores after 10 cycles of obstructive apnea, from each patient in OSAHS group, and 10 snores from each patient in simple snoring group were analyzed in the time and frequency domains. Results The sound waves of snoring in the two groups exhibited different patterns both in the time and frequency domains. The snoring spectrum of patients with simple snoring showed distinct fun-damental- harmonic structures which were not clear in patients with OSAHS. The central frequency of the patients with OSAHS was higher, and 800 Hz power ratio was lower than those of the patients with simple snoring. In the OSAHS group, the central frequency of the patients with moderate-to-severe OSAHS was higher, and 800 Hz power ratio was lower than those of the patients with mild OSAHS. The differences of the two parameters were of statistical significance. Conclusion The snoring sounds in patients with OSAHS and with simple snoring have dif-ferent characteristics in time and frequency domains, indicating that it is feasible to research the OSAHS by way of snore monitoring and analyzing technique.%目的 利用鼾声监测及分析技术对OSAHS患者和单纯打鼾者的鼾声的声学特性进行初步研究.方法 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者22人,单纯打鼾(simple snoring)者15人,分别同步进行鼾声监测和睡眠呼吸监测.取每例单纯打鼾者10次鼾声和每例OSAHS患者10次阻塞性呼吸暂停后的第一次鼾声进行时域和频域特性分析.结果 单纯打鼾者鼾声片断时域曲线表现为多个振幅、间隔大致相仿的复合波,频域曲线表现出明显的基频一谐波结构;OSAHS患者鼾声的时域曲线表现为多个振幅、间隔不规则的复合波,频域曲线中无明显的基频一谐波结构.OSAHS患者鼾声的峰频率、中心频率较单纯打鼾者高,800 Hz功率比率较单纯打鼾者低,OSAHS组,中重度OSAHS患者的鼾声峰频率、中心频率较轻度者高.800 Hz功率比率较轻度者低,中心频率和800 Hz功率比率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 OSAHS患者和单纯打鼾者鼾声具有不同的时域特性和频域特性,表明两种鼾声在声学上有质的差别,提示将鼾声监测分析技术应用于OSAHS的研究具有一定可行性,并可能为确定阻摩部位及鼾声来源提供新的临床研究思路.