双环形Coulomb势Schr(o)dinger方程束缚态的精确解

摘要

双环形Coulomb势是指在氢原子势外面再加上一个双环形平方反比势,该模型势是在讨论类似于苯环分子结构的基础上提出的,该模型势在分子和原子物理中有着广泛的应用.本文研究了双环形Coulomb势Schr(o)dinger方程的束缚态精确解,所采用的方法是首先对双环形Coulomb势的Schr(o)dinger方程在球坐标系中进行分离变量,得到相应的角向方程和径向方程;证明双环形Coulomb势在角向和径向具有超对称性和形不变性;根据超对称性和形不变性的性质,获得了角动量量子化条件和束缚态的能谱方程,并将归一化角向波函数用Jacobi多项式表示,将归一化径向波函数用Laguerre多项式函数表示.体系的波函数和束缚态能谱性质由三个量子数n、m和s及势参数α,a和b 描述.本文说明量子物理中一些具有对称性的非中心势有精确解,用超对称性和形不变性方法还可以讨论其他形式的非中心势.%Double ringshaped Coulomb (DRSC) potential, the Coulomb potential surrounded by double ringshaped inversed square potential, can describe the properties of atom and molecule. In spherical polar coordinates, DRSC potential have supersymmetry and shape invariance for θ and r coordinates. By using the method of supersymmetry and shape invariance, exact bound state solutions of Schrodinger equation with double ring-shaped Coulomb potential are presented. The normalized angular wave function expressed in terms of Jacobi polynomials and the normalized radial wave function expressed in terms of the Laguerre polynomials are presented. Energy spectrum equations are obtained. Wave function and energy spectrum equations of system are related to three quantum numbers (m,s and n) and parameters of DRSO potential (α,a and b). The results show that some non-centrally-symmetrical potential problems of quantum mechanics can been solved exactly.