河北省石家庄地面温度变化特征

摘要

Based on the daily ground temperature observation data of 5 stations in Shijiazhuang from 1961 to 2010,the variation characteristics of average,maximum,minimum and diurnal ranges of ground temperature were analyzed.The results show that the amplitude of average ground temperature was minimum but maximum for diurnal range,and the average and minimum value of ground temperature presented significant warming trend,but the diurnal range and maximum of ground temperature decreased obviously from decadal trend.The annual and seasonal change showed that the amplitude of ground temperature daily range was maximum,mean value of ground temperature in winter increased significantly but decreased in summer,and maximum value of ground temperature decreased,especially in summer and autumn,but minimum value of ground temperature increased obviously especially in winter,The average and minimum value of ground temperature had no abrupt phenomenon,but the maximum of groud temperature had an abrupt cooling change at the early stage of the 2000s,and in southeast region of Shijiazhuang mean ground temperature had an abrupt warming change in early stage of the 1990s.The mean ground temperature had variation period of 6-8 years and 20 years,and 6 years and 16 years for the maximum ground temperature,as well as 10-15 years and 24 years for minimum ground temperature.%利用石家庄地区5个观测站1961～2010年逐日地面温度观测数据,分析讨论了该地区地面温度平均值、最高值、最低值和日较差的变化特征以及地面温度的气候突变和变化周期。结果表明：从年代际变化情况看,平均地面温度振动幅度最小,地面温度日较差振动幅度最大,平均地面温度和最低地面温度呈显著增加趋势,最高地面温度呈显著降低趋势,地面温度日较差呈现显著减小趋势;从年和季节变化情况看,地面温度日较差年和各季节变率最大,平均地面温度冬季增温趋势显著,夏季呈降温趋势,最高地面温度年和各季节呈降温趋势,夏、秋季降温趋势显著,最低地面温度年和各季节呈显著增温趋势,冬季增温趋势最为显著,地面温度日较差年和各季节均呈显著减小趋势,冬季减小趋势最为显著;平均地面温度和最低地面温度没有发生突变现象,最高地面温度2000年代初期明显降温为一突变现象,东南部平原平均地面温度1990年代初期明显升温为一突变现象,其他各地没有发生突变现象;平均地面温度存在准20 a和6～8 a周期,最高地面温度存在准16 a和准6 a周期,最低地面温度存在准24 a和10～15 a周期。