简论乌克兰民主与民族主义的互动博弈

摘要

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of Ukraine’s political crisis contacts closely with the democratic political transition———weak democratic governance difficulties caused by rapid democratization. Historical reasons accumulation also caused sharp confrontation with the two main ethnic: Russian ethnic and Ukrainians, the shortcomings of ethnic nationalism severely eroded the foundation of democracy. So how to define the twin relationship between democracy and nationalism,in what way will the two have interactive operation in the process of building a modern state, can the conflict between them be solved? This paper attempts to analysis the relationship between democracy and nationalism in Ukraine as a typical multi-ethnic nation in the modernization process from its national historical background.%近年来，乌克兰政治危机频发，与其民主政治转型密切相关———快速民主化进程带来治理困难的“弱民主”，历史原因累积又造成两大主体民族俄罗斯族与乌克兰族的尖锐对立，族裔民族主义隐疾严重侵蚀民主政治的根基。那么，民主与民族主义的孪生关系究竟该如何界定，二者在现代国家构建的过程中又以何种方式进行互动运作，彼此之间的博弈冲突可否化解？鉴此，从乌克兰国家及民族历史背景出发，分析其作为多民族国家典型在现代化进程中民主与民族主义的关系，无疑是求解的有效途径。