[目的]应用SSR分子标记技术分析大豆亲本的遗传距离,探索利用分子标记技术预测大豆亲本杂种优势的可能性.[方法]以选自国内外的大豆育成品种及其杂交种为材料,分别计算亲本间的遗传距离及亲本的杂种优势,并对特殊配合力及杂种优势的相关性进行了分析.[结果]根据相关性分析,虽然相关系数较小,但是亲本间遗传距离与其杂交种的中亲优势在株高、蛋白质性状上达到了0.01水平的极显著相关;亲本间的遗传距离与单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重、茎粗4个性状也达到了0.05水平的显著负相关.[结论]素本间的遗传距离与部分性状达到了一定水平的相关,但利用SSR分子标记遗传距离预测大豆亲本间的杂种优势还需大量的工作.%[Objective] The possibility of the prediction of the soybean parent heterosis with the technique of SSR molecular marker was explored through the analysis of soybean parental genetic distance, [ Method] The soybean cultivars at home and abroad and their hybrids being used as the materials and the genetic distance among parents and their heterosis were calculated and the specific combining ability and the heterosis were analyzed. [Result] According to the correlation analysis, although the correlation coefficient between parent and their heterosis was small, the difference between the genetic distance of parent and the heterosis in the plant height and the content of protein was very significant (at 0.01) and between the genetic distance of parent and the number of pod, grain and grain weight per plant, and the diameter of stem was significant at 0.05 level, which was negative correlation. [ Conclusion ] There was a certain correlation between the genetic distance of parental and some traits, but a lot of work needed to be done in the application of the technique.
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