木质素和纤维素在离子液体中的溶解性能及催化裂解研究进展

摘要

离子液体作为一种环境友好型绿色溶剂,因其独特的物理化学性质,在木质素和纤维素的溶解和催化裂解中得到了广泛的应用.在介绍本质素、纤维素和相关离子液体的组成和结构的基础上,综述了离子液体在溶解、分离木质素和纤维素及作为催化介质或催化剂方面的研究进展,分析讨论了离子液体的结构与其溶解性能的关系及可能的溶解机理.最后,对离子液体的应用前景进行了展望.%Ionic liquids, as a kind of environmentally friendly solvent, are widely applied in dissolution and catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose and lignin with their particular physicochemical properties. In this paper, after a brief introduction of the composition and structure of lignin, cellulose and ionic liquids, the recent progress in dissolution and separation of cellulose and lignin with ionic liquids and theionic liquids as catalytic medium or catalysts are reviewed, the relationship between structure of ionic liquids and their dissolution performance is analyzed, and the possible dissolution mechanism is discussed. Finally, the application prospect of ionic liquids is outlooked.