根据2005～2009年湘西主要产烟区烟叶收购统计数据,分析了烟叶生长期主要气候事件(春寒、倒春寒、5月低温、连阴雨、雨季结束时间、日最高气温≥35℃高温的日数、日最高气温≥35℃连续天数、干旱)对烟叶产质量的影响.结果表明,湘西主要产烟区出现在3月中旬的春寒或倒春寒天气过程可能对烟叶的产质量造成严重影响;4月轻度春寒或倒春寒,轻度5月低温对烟叶产质量的负面影响较小;在雨季结束日期不明显的年份,8月份的干旱有利于烟叶产质量的提高;7、8月份高温期间,温度、湿度、日照、云量、日较差等综合气象因素可能是湘西高品质烟叶生产的重要因素;日最高气温≥35℃的高温日数偏少对烟叶产质量有负面影响,日数偏多则有利于烟叶产质量的提高;5月低温与重度连阴雨同时出现时,烟叶的产质量严重下降,6月连阴雨对烟叶的产质量影响较小,7月连阴雨有助于烟叶的生长.%According to the tobacco purchase statistics in the main producing regions of Xiangxi form 2005 to 2009, the influences of main climate events on the yield and quality of tobacco leaves were analyzed. As indicated by the results, the cold spell in spring and late spring coldness in mid-March might cause serious influence on the yield and quality of tobacco leaves; while the mild cold spell in spring or late spring coldness in April and mild coldness in May generated no big negative impact; in the years with fuzzy end date of rainy seasons, drought in August was beneficial to the improvement of the quality and yield of tobacco leaves; under the high temperature weather on July and August, the climatic factors including temperature, humidity, sunlight, cloud amount and diurnal difference might be the important factors affecting the production of superior tobaccos in Xiangxi; less days with the maximum daily temperature ≥35 ℃ had negative effect on the quality and yield of tobaccos, while more days would improve the quality and yield; the co-occurrence of low temperature in May and heavy continuous rain would result in the significant decrease of tobacco yield and quality, continuous rain in June had little impact on tobacco yield and quality, while continuous rain in July was helpful to tobacco growth.
展开▼
