钾·钙·钠交互作用对小白菜生长和养分吸收的影响

摘要

[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of potassium, calcium and sodium on growth and nutrient absorption (potassium and calcium) of cabbage, and provide a scientific basis for guiding reasonably applying fertilizer in cabbage. [Method] A potted experiment was conducted. Three groups were designed, which was different CaO, NaCl and K2O treatment resp. , and besides designed CK group. CaO, NaCl and K2 O treatment all had four levels, thereinto, applying CaO levels was 0, 0. 17, 0. 33, 0. 67 g/pot resp. , applying NaCl levels was 0, 1. 50, 3.00, 6.00 g/pot resp. , applying K2O levels was 0, 0.17, 0.33, 0.67 g/pot resp.. Applying nitrogen level was 0.50 g/pot and applying phosphorus level was 0.17 g/pot. [ Result] The results showed that application of potassium, calcium cooperated with potassium increased the potassium and calcium absorption of cabbage, the interaction was existed between calcium and potassium. Suitable calcium promoted the absorption of potassium but excessive calcium antagonized the absorption of potassium. The treatment of applying CaO and K2 O levels was 0. 33 and 0. 67 g/pot, the effect increased the quantity of dry matter accumulation and absorption of calcium and potassium in cabbage, was the best among all treatments. [Conclusion] The application of suitable calcium releases the sodium stress on cabbage growth at the low level of sodium in soil.%[目的]研究钾、钙、钠交互作用对小白菜生长和钾、钙养分吸收效果的影响,为指导小白菜合理施肥提供科学依据.[方法]采用盆栽试验.试验分3组,分别为不同施钙(CaO)量处理、不同施钠(NaCl)量处理、不同施钾(K2O)量处理,另设对照组(CK).钙处理设4个水平,CaO用量分别为0、0.17、0.33、0.67 g/盆；钠处理设4个水平,NaCl用量分别为0、1.50、3.00、6.00g/盆,钾处理设4个水平,K2O用量分别为0、0.17、0.33、0.67 g/盆.氮(N)用量均为0.50 g/盆,磷(P2O5)用量均为0.17g/盆.[结果]施用钾肥、钙钾配施均能提高小白菜对钾、钙的吸收,钙、钾之间存在交互作用.适量钙对小白菜吸收钾素产生促进作用,过量钙则产生抑制作用.钙、钾用量分别为0.33、0.67g/盆时效果最佳,可以显著提高小白菜干物质积累量和钙、钾吸收量.[结论]在土壤钠水平较低时,施用一定量的钙能有效缓解钠对小白菜的胁迫作用.