基于余热回收的粮食烘干系统的设计与实现

摘要

[目的]利用收割机工作时的尾气余热及冷却水余热实时烘干粮食，避免农民收割后再次晾晒粮食的环节。[方法]设计一种基于余热回收的粮食烘干系统。该系统主要由气气换热器和水气换热器两级串联组成，利用封闭工作腔内工作介质的相变循环实现收割机的尾气和冷却水的余热回收，烘干系统的热缓苏仓以回收的热量作为热源，通过热缓苏仓降低粮食湿度，并通过冷缓苏仓冷却粮食，从而降低粮食的发芽率。[结果]该系统性能良好，可有效提高农业燃油的利用率，避免能源浪费的同时也降低了农业生产的劳动强度和劳动成本。[结论]该研究可为粮食干燥技术研究提供新思路。%Objective] To utilize the waste heat of tail gas and cooling water from a working harvester to dry grain in real time while harvesting grain to avoid drying grain after harvest.[ Method] A grain drying system based on waste heat recovery was designed .The system is mainly com-posed of two series of gas-gas heat exchanger and water-air heat exchanger.The heat exchangers use the phase change cycle of the working medi-um in the closed working chamber to realize the waste heat recovery of the tail gas and the cooling water of the harvester .The hot tempering ware-house of the grain drying system can use the recycled heat as a heat source to reduce grain humidity .The cool tempering warehouse of the grain drying system can cool grain and reduce the germination rate of grain .[ Result] The system has good performance , and it can effectively improve the utilization rate of agricultural fuel oil, avoid the waste of energy, and reduce the labor intensity and labor cost of agricultural production. [Conclusion] The research provides a new idea of drying grain.