基于居民感知的旅游城镇化影响研究--以武汉市黄陂区为例

摘要

Tourism urbanization is a kind of urbanization which takes tourism industry as a driving force, and it is an important path of new ur-banization and emphasizes more on “the urbanization of residents”.In the development of tourism urbanization, local residents are the group which is most impressed by it, and this perception towards this kind of urbanization has its uniqueness.In the study, taking Huangpi District of Wuhan City where urbanization has been fast driven by the tourism industry as a case, through the investigation of tourism urbanization of lo-cal residents, the positive and negative impacts of tourism urbanization were analyzed.The research reveals that tourism urbanization can pro-mote economic development, improve the overall strength of local tourism industry, and strengthen urban radiation function to promote changes of villages.However, residents in different areas obtain benefit unequally from the development of tourism, and an unlawful power of some tourism income of the residents is not well guaranteed;residents lack stable and long-term income.Besides, the development of tourism urban-ization accelerates the fragmentation of rural environment and landscape and has a negative impact on local ecological environment .%旅游城镇化是以旅游业为主要推动力的城镇化类型，是新型城镇化的重要路径之一，其过程更加注重“人的城镇化”。在旅游城镇化的进程中，当地居民对旅游城镇化的影响感知强烈并有其独特性。笔者以旅游业快速驱动城镇化发展的武汉市黄陂区为案例，通过对黄陂区居民旅游城镇化感知的调查实证分析旅游城镇化的积极影响和负面影响。研究发现，旅游城镇化的积极影响主要体现在促进其经济发展；提升当地的旅游业的整体实力；强化城镇辐射功能，推动村落变化。而其消极影响则体现在不同区位条件的居民从旅游业发展中获益不均且居民的部分旅游收入合法权益得不到保证，缺乏长期稳定收入；旅游城镇化的发展加速乡村环境及景观的破碎化以及对当地的生态环境产生消极影响。