不同土壤调理剂对酸性土壤的改良效果

摘要

Objective] To explore the effects of soil conditioners on acid soil improvement.[Method] The test varieties were Yanliangyou 888 and Jindaoyou 998.There were in all four treatments.Effects of some soil conditioners on acid soil improvement were researched , such as calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, lime, silicon and calcium fertilizer.[Result] calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, lime, silicon and calcium fertilizer could be used as soil conditioners in acid rice field, which enhanced the pH, soil organic matter, rapidly available phos-phorus, rapidly available potassium, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium.The effects were the optimal when applying calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and silicon and calcium fertilizer.The organic matter content of total nitrogen content in Yanliangyou 888 and Jindaoyou 998 enhanced by 1.50, 0.17 g/kg and 1.70, 0.10 g/kg, respectively, compared with those of the control.The contents of rapidly available phosphorus, rapidly available potassium, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium of Yanliangyou 888 and Jindaoyou 998 enhanced by 0.20, 4.00, 16.60, 1.60 mg/kg and 0.19, 5.00, 18.50, 1.70 mg/kg, respectively compared with those of the control.At the same time, soil conditioner ( combination of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and silicon and calcium fertilizer ) enhanced the rice yields.The yields of Yanliangyou 888 and Jindaoyou 998 increased by 499.5 and 598.5 kg/hm2 , respectively, compared with those of the control.The amplification reached 7.38%and 12.20%, showing extremely significant level by variance analysis.[Conclusion] Applying soil conditioner is helpful to the growth of rice;and combination of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and silicon and calcium fertilizer shows the optimal effects on soil improvement.%[目的]模索施用不同土壤调理剂对酸性土壤的改良效果。[方法]供试品种早造为盐两优888，晚造为金稻优998，共设4个处理，研究钙镁磷肥、石灰、硅钙肥等土壤调理剂对酸性土壤的改良效果。[结果]在中潜底酸性稻田施用钙镁磷肥、石灰、硅钙肥等土壤调理剂，可提高土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁和pH ，以施用钙镁磷肥加土壤调理剂效果最佳，早、晚造的有机质和全氮含量比对照分别高出1．50、0．17和1．70、0．10 g／kg，早、晚造的速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁含量比对照分别高出0．20、4．00、16．60、1．60和0．19、5．00、18．50、1．70 mg／kg。同时，钙镁磷肥加土壤调理剂能提高水稻产量，早、晚造分别比对高出499．5、598．5 kg／hm2，增幅达7．38％、12．20％，经方差分析均达极显著差异水平。[结论]施用土壤调理剂有利于水稻的生长发育，以施用钙镁磷肥加土壤调理剂对土壤的改良效果最好。