海马齿生态浮床对海水养殖池塘的修复效果

摘要

Objective] To research the restoration effects of Sesuvium portulacastrum ecological floating bed to mariculture pond.[Method] Peri-odic monitoring under natural condition was adopted.According to the characteristics of geographic shapes of mariculture pond and the distribution characteristics of S.portulacastrum ecological floating bed,we designed both test region and control region.Among them,test region had S.portula-castrum region and region without S.portulacastrum.With traditional fish pond as the control,the change laws of water N and P nutrient salt,S. portulacastrum growth,sediment-water layer flux were researched under the method of in situ ecological restoration method.[Result] Compared with the control region,the test region of S.portulacastrum ecological floating bed had greater dissolved oxygen and transparency,and lower con-centration of main pollutants.Compared with the control region,S.portulacastrum ecological floating bed showed significant removal action to phosphorus,nitrogen and ammonia (P <0.05).COD in S.portulacastrum ecological floating bed region reduced significantly compared with con-trol region.Chlorophyll a content,TPM and POM in test region were all smaller than those in control region (P <0.05),showing that S.portula-castrum ecological floating bed had significant removal action to particulate organic matter in water body.C,N and P storages of S.portulacastrum in the ecological floating bed were 39.56 ,0.77 and 0.21 g /m 2 in November.[Conclusion] S.portulacastrum ecological floating bed improves the ecological environment of culture area.%[目的]研究海马齿生态浮床对海水养殖池塘的修复效果。[方法]采取自然条件下周期性监测，根据试验海塘的地理形状和海马齿浮床铺设分布特点，设试验区和对照区，其中试验区设有海马齿区和无海马齿区，选择传统鱼塘作为对照区，研究养殖池塘在原位生态修复方法下水体氮、磷营养盐、海马齿生长、沉积物–水界面通量等的变化规律。[结果]海马齿生态浮床修复的试验区与对照区相比，DO 浓度与透明度增大，主要污染物浓度降低。与对照区比较，海马齿浮床对磷、氨、氮有显著去除作用（P ＜0．05），海马齿浮床区域COD 含量较对照区明显降低（P ＜0．05）。叶绿素 a 含量、TPM、POM 均表现出试验区较对照区小（P ＜0．05），说明海马齿浮床对水体的颗粒有机物有去除作用。11月浮床区海马齿 C 储量为39．56 g／m 2，N 储量为0．77 g ／m 2，P 储量为0．21 g ／m 2。[结论]海马齿生态浮床能改善养殖区域生态环境。