[Objective] To determine crop nutrition disorders facters under returning all wheat straw to field,and provide a reference for the accurate fertilization of the whole amount of straw returning.[Method] With the rice variety of South japonica 9108 as materials,using soil mixed straw (1 kg soil + 5 g straw) and nutrient solution,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium,sulfur,iron,manganese,copper,zinc,boron and molybdenum 12 kinds of element deficiency in seedling were treated,effects of different nutrient elements on the growth of aboveground part (plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll SPAD) and underground part (root) on rice seedling stage were studied.[Result] Under different nutrient solution treatment,the height,stem diameter,chlorophyll SPAD and root morphological indexes of rice seedlings basically were lower than the complete nutrient solution treatment (control),the nitrogen deficiency indexes decreased and reached a very significant difference.[Conclusion] Under the condition of total straw returning to field,the crop nutrient barrier factors from large to small were N,S,Zn,P,K,Ca,Mn,Fe,Cu,B,Mo,Mg,the biggest impact elements were nitrogen,followed by sulfur,zinc and phosphorus.In order to make full use of the total amount of straw returning to the soil to improve soil fertility and increase production and quality,should be paid attention to the application of nitrogen,sulfur,zinc,phosphorus.%[目的]确定秸秆全量还田引起的作物营养障碍因子作用大小,为秸秆全量还田精准配肥提供参考.[方法]以南粳9108水稻品种为材料,采用土壤混合秸秆(1 kg土+5g秸秆)加营养液浇灌的方法,在苗期进行N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、M0 12种元素缺素处理,研究不同营养元素对供试水稻苗期地上部分(株高、基茎粗、叶绿素SPAD)和地下部分(根系)生长的影响.[结果]不同缺素营养液处理的水稻苗期株高、基茎粗、叶绿素SPAD和根系主要形态指标基本上低于完全营养液处理(对照),其中缺N处理各指标降低幅度最大且差异达极显著水平.[结论]秸秆全量还田引起的作物营养障碍因子作用由大到小依次为N、S、Zn、P、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、B、Mo、Mg,影响最大的元素是N,其次是S、Zn、P.为了更好地发挥秸秆全量还田改土培肥与增产提质的作用,应重视N、S、Zn、P等元素的配合施用.
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