岸基对海雷达探测舰船目标时会受到起伏海面的影响，形成电磁波传播的多径效应，对舰船目标雷达散射特性产生影响。根据电磁波传播的四路径模型，提出一种多径条件下舰船目标散射特性的统计分析方法，分析得出了起伏海面对舰船目标散射回波的平均影响系数，基于雷达方程指出该系数对雷达目标回波功率的影响程度。利用声波和电磁波之间的相似特性，采用水声测量实验的方式对多径条件下舰船目标回波特性进行了实验。实验结果验证了方法的有效性。%The ship targets detection of the shore-based radar would be affected by sea level, thus forming the multipath effect of EM wave propagation and having impacts on the radar scattering characteristics of ship targets. In terms of the four-path model of EM wave propagation, this paper proposes a statistical analysis method for ship target’s scattering characteristics in the condition of multipath, analyzes and obtains an average influence coefficient of ship target’s scattering echo affected by fluctuating sea level, and shows clearly the degree of influence of the coefficient on the echo power of radar’s target. By taking advantages of the similarity between sound waves and electromagnetic waves, the experiments are performed on the echo characteristics of ship target in the condition of multipath by means of the underwater acoustic experiments. And the results prove the effectiveness of this proposed scheme.
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