The aim is to select new biological and chemical fungicides and formulations for controlling the grape downy mildew scientifically.The indoor spore germination and field control were used to compare the inhibition and control effect of five biological fungicides and five chemical fungicides on grape downy mildew.Five biological fungicides showed certain inhibitory effects on sporangium germination.Control effect of pyamidine nucleotide bacteriophages (4％,AS diluted by 1000 times) and hartz trichoderma (3×108 CFU/g,WP diluted by 200 times) were all over 50％ in prevention trial after 3 times' application;however,the treatment results were less than 50％.Among the five chemical fungicides,oxathiapiprolin (10％,OD diluted by 3000 times),dimethomorph (80％,WDG diluted by 2000 times),mandipropamid (23.4％,SC diluted by 1500 times),and pyraclostrobin (250 g/L,EC diluted by 2000 times) showed a better inhibitory effect on spore germination,and had better control effect in prevention and treatment trials in field,but azoxystrobin (250 g/L SC diluted by 2000 times) had bad control effect in field.The pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotic and hartz trichoderma should be applied before the onset and could shorten the control cycle effectively.Except pyraclostrobin,the remaining four new chemical fungicides or new formulations showed better prevention and treatment effect in field against grape downy mildew,and oxathiapiprolin had a longer duration and was of promotion value.%筛选生物与化学新药剂或新剂型用于科学防控葡萄霜霉病.采用室内孢子萌发法和田间预防及治疗试验,分别比较5种生物药剂和5种化学药剂对葡萄霜霉病菌孢子萌发的抑制作用及田间防治效果.5种生物药剂对孢子的萌发表现出一定的抑制效果;田间预防试验中,4％嘧啶核苷类抗菌素AS1000倍液和3×108 CFU/g哈茨木霉菌WP 200倍液施药3次后防效均超过50％,但治疗效果均低于50％;5种化学药剂10％氟噻唑吡乙酮OD 3000倍液、80％烯酰吗啉WDG 2000倍液、23.4％双炔菌酰胺SC1500倍液和250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯EC 2000倍液对孢子萌发有较好抑制作用,且在田间预防和治疗试验中均具有较好防效,但250 g/L嘧菌酯SC 2000倍液田间防效偏低.嘧啶核苷类抗菌素和哈茨木霉菌应在发病前用药;除嘧菌酯外的4种化学新药剂或新剂型对葡萄霜霉病均有较好的预防和治疗效果,且氟噻唑吡乙酮持效期较长,具备推广价值.
展开▼
