我国低硒地区占国土总面积的72%,其中严重缺硒地区的粮食等天然食物硒含量较低,当地人因无法从食物中摄取足够硒而罹患多种疾病.因此,通过科学手段有效解决我国人体缺硒问题意义非凡.植物性食物是动物和人体碳水化合物及矿物质等营养的重要来源,植物吸收环境中的硒,并将其转化为有机态硒,之后通过食物链为人体吸收利用,这是一种安全有效的缓解人体硒摄入匮乏的途径.植物生长过程中所需的矿物质营养大多都来自于土壤,微生物作为土壤中广泛存在的一种生物,不仅在植物促生方面发挥着重要作用,而且还可通过生物活化等作用,将土壤中的硒转化为有利于植物吸收的形态,进而提高植物对硒的利用率.本文综述了目前关于动物、植物、微生物对硒转化利用规律方面的研究进展,以期为今后通过微生物介导途径,提高植物吸收转化环境硒的效率,改善动物及人体缺硒状况,进而解决缺硒地区人体健康问题提供有价值的参考信息.%Low selenium areas of China are covering about 72% of the land area. People who are seriously deficient in selenium always suffering a variety of diseases due to that they could not get enough selenium from the local food. Therefore, it is significant to solve the problems caused by the selenium deficiency in human body with scientific methods.Plant-based foods provide an indispensable source of carbohydrates and minerals for animals and human.Selenium in the environment can be absorbed and transformed into organic species by plants,which is a safe and effective way to meet the people's demand of selenium.Mineral nutrients required for plant growth almost come from the soil that is suitable for microbial survival,also,microorganism not only play an important role in promoting plant growth but also is advantageous to the plants absorbing and utilizing selenium in the soil effectively. In this paper, the research progress of selenium transformation in animals, plants, and microorganism were reviewed to give people some enlightenments for further improving the present situation of selenium deficiency in animals and human.
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