目的：探讨广州番禺区皮炎湿疹类皮肤病常见的过敏原。方法：采用“瑞敏”斑贴试剂盒对104例接触性皮炎与湿疹患者进行过敏原检测。结果：常见的变应原阳性率由高到低依次为重铬酸钾（40.38%）、氯化钴（29.8%）、硫酸镍（26.92%）、甲醛（23.07%）。斑贴试验阳性患者83例（79.8%），其中男16例，阳性率66.7%（16/24），女67例，阳性率83.8%（67/80），且经统计学分析，男女阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05）。其中对1种抗原过敏者35例（42.17%），对2种及2种以上抗原过敏者48例（57.83%）。结论：重铬酸钾、氯化钴、硫酸镍、甲醛是广州番禺区皮炎湿疹类皮肤病重要致敏原；皮炎湿疹的发病与接触物本身的理化性质和患者过敏体质有关，而与性别无关。%Objective To explore the common allergen that caused to eczema and dermatitis in panyu district of Guang-zhou. Method Allergen test on 104 cases with eczema and dermatitis was performed according to the instruction of“rui min”patch kit. Results The positive rate of common allergens was listed in turn from highest to lowest:potassium chromate(40. 38%),cobalt chloride (29. 8%),nickel sulfate(26. 92%),formaldehyde(23. 07%). 83 cases showed positive results(79. 8%). Among the 104 cases,there were 16 male patients with positive rate of 66. 7%(16/24)and 67 female patients with pasitive rate of 83. 8%(67/80),which showed no statistical differences of pacth kit in sex. 35 cases( 42. 17%)of 83 positive patients were allergic to one antigen,and the rest 48 cases ( 57. 13%)were allergic to at least two antigens. Conclusion It proves that potassium dichromate,cobalt chloride,nickel sulfate,and form-aldehyde is important causes of neurodermatitis and eczema in Panyu district of Guangzhou.
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