不同剂量曲马多预防全身麻醉后寒战的对比研究

摘要

Objective To observe the effectiveness and adverse reaction after using different dose of tramal for preventing shiver after general anesthesia,and discuss the suitable dose.Methods This study was carried on 120 cases that were undergoing elective uterectomy.All cases was divided into 4 groups,every group contains 30 patients.Every patients were intravenous administration before the end of the operation in 10 minutes:group A used 0.5 mg/kg tramal;group B used 1.0 mg/kg tramal;group C used 2.0 mg/kg tramal;group D used physiological saline.The levels of shiver,recovery time,the presence of respiratory depression,the presence of gastrointestinal reaction were observed in all cases.Results Through the comparison between each group,group D had a highest incidence rate of shiver after general anesthesia,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,group B had a lowest incidence rate(P<0.05).In recovery time,there were no differences statistically significant between each group(P>0.05).In gastrointestinal reaction,group C had a highest incidence rate in all groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The dose of 1.0 mg/kg tramal is the suitable dose for preventing shiver after general anesthesia.%目的：通过观察不同剂量曲马多预防全身麻醉术后寒战的效果和不良反应，探讨曲马多预防全身麻醉术后寒战的适宜剂量。方法：研究120例全身麻醉下择期行子宫切除术的患者，随机分为四组，每组30例患者，于手术结束前10分钟静脉推注给药：A组给予曲马多0.5 mg/kg；B组给予曲马多1.0 mg/kg；C组给予曲马多2.0 mg/kg；D组为对照组，给予生理盐水0.05 ml/kg。观察术后寒战分级、苏醒时间、呼吸抑制、恶心、呕吐等指标。结果：通过组间比较，D组术后寒战的发生率最高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）， B组术后寒战的发生率最低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），苏醒时间方面，A组、B组、C组、D组之间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。各组术后均无呼吸抑制的发生。胃肠道反应方面，C组恶心、呕吐发生率最高，与A组、B组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：曲马多1.0 mg/kg能有效预防全身麻醉术后寒战，是预防全身麻醉术后寒战的适宜剂量。