长治市气候与霜冻的变化特征分析

摘要

应用山西省长治市11个气象观测站1971—2010年春秋季及年平均气温、初终霜冻日期及无霜期资料，采用数理统计对比法，分析了长治市气候变暖下初终霜冻日期及无霜期的变化特征。结果表明，气温年际变化呈现出明显的增暖趋势，变暖速率为0.30℃/10 a；在秋季气候变暖前提下，初霜冻出现日期的推后速率为2.0 d/10 a；春季平均气温的增温速率为0.25℃/10 a，对应终霜冻出现日期呈现为提前趋势，其提前速率为4.0 d/10 a；无霜期在气候变暖背景下，其延长速率为7.0 d/10 a。%Spring and autumn data of 11 meteorological stations in Changzhi City during 1971—2010, and the annual average temperature, initial and final frost date and frost free period data were analyzed by using mathematical statisti-cal comparison, to obtain variation of the first and last frost date and frost free pe-riod of the city. The results showed that the inter-annual temperature increased at the rate of 0.30℃/10 a; under the premise of warming autumn, the first frost date delayed at the rate of 2.0 d/10 a;mean spring temperature increased at the rate of 0.25℃/10 a, the corresponding fi-nal frost date appeared earlier at the rate of 4.0 d/10 a; against the backdrop of climate warming, frost-free period pro-longed at the rate of 7.0 d/10 a.