为探明内源营养物质在低温处理期间的变化规律及休眠解除后的开花动态,该研究以高山杜鹃红粉玉蝶为试材,设置了8个低温(5℃)处理时间,分别为0d、14 d、28 d、42 d、56 d、70d、84d和98 d,并分别测定了其内源营养物质和开花动态.结果表明:低温处理初期叶片与花芽中的可溶性糖含量有较大幅度的上升,然后下降,低温处理后28 d到56 d维持在相对稳定状态；叶片与花芽中的淀粉含量在低温处理期间基本呈现“V”字形,低温处理后42 d淀粉含量达到最低点；可溶性蛋白质含量低温处理42 d后剧烈下降,之后一直处于相对稳定的状态；处理过程中叶片中的氨基酸含量始终低于花芽,低温处理前期叶片与花芽中的氨基酸含量略有上升,随后持续下降,低温处理42d后分别达最低值.开花动态监测表明,42 d以上的低温处理可有效解除高山杜鹃休眠,经催花可比自然花期提早2～3个月绽放.分析表明,可溶性糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白与游离氨基酸的含量变化与高山杜鹃休眠解除与否具有密切联系,研究结果为常绿花卉休眠解除的监测及其花期调控提供了理论依据.%Dynamic variation of endogenous nutrients and the flowering after dormancy release were investigated in Rhododendron spp. Hongfenyudie with low temperature treatment. Eight time gradients at 5 t were set, and the contents of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein and free amino acid were determined, and the flowering dynamics after dormancy release were monitored as well. The results showed that the soluble sugar contained in,leaves and flower buds increased sharply during the early stage, then decreased, and stayed stable during 28-56 d post treatment. Dynamic curve of starch content displayed a "V" shape with low temperature treatment. The starch content in leaves and flower buds reached the lowest point 42 d after treatment. The soluble protein content reduced sharply after 42-d low temperature treatment in leaf and flower buds, and remained relatively stable. The free amino acid content in leaves was less than that in the flower buds throughout the experiment. The amino acid content in leaves and flower buds increased slightly at the beginning of low temperature treatment, then declined continuously, and reached the minimum value after 42 d. 42-d low temperature treatmenteffectively released the dormancy of alpine rhododendron. After flower forcing, the dormancy released alpine rhododendron blossomed 2-3 months in advance compared to the natural florescence. It was suggested that there was a close relationship between the changes of contents of soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein and free amino acidand the dormancy release of alpine rhododendron.
展开▼
