江苏省扬中杂草稻的遗传相似性及起源分析

摘要

In order to reveal the genetic background of weedy rice in Yangzhong region of Jiangsu province at molecular level, 39 rice materials (ten weedy rice in Yangzhong region, six weedy rice in other areas of Jiangsu province, four pond rice, two Ludao, three wild rice, fourteen japonica rice and indica rice) were analyzed by 63 pairs of SSR molecular markers evenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. 92 polymorphic DNA bands were amplified with 36 pairs of SSR markers in 39 rice materials. Genetic similarity analysis showed that similar coefficients of different rice materials were between 0.35 and 1.00, with 0.62 as average. Clustering results revealed that 16 weedy rice were indica, and had high similarity with indica varieties 9311 and IR26. Ten weedy rice in Yangzhong region could be clustered into two groups, and the similar coefficient was 0.74. The two groups varied significantly in plant height, panicle length, and seed shattering (P<0. 05). The results suggested that the weedy rice in Yangzhong region probably originated from cultivated rice through gene recombination or reverse mutation.%为了从分子水平上深入了解扬中地区杂草稻的遗传背景,本研究对江苏省39份试验材料(扬中地区杂草稻10份、其他地区杂草稻6份、塘稻4份、稽稻2份、普通野生稻3份、典型的粳稻和籼稻14份)从分布在水稻基因组的12条染色体上的63对SSR引物中筛选出36对多态性丰富、重复性高的引物,利用这36对引物对39份材料进行遗传多样性分析.36对SSR引物共扩增出92个多态性片段.遗传相似性分析结果表明:39份材料间遗传相似系数为0.35 ～1.00,平均遗传相似系数为0.62.聚类分析结果表明:16份杂草稻材料都属于籼稻类型,与籼稻9311、IP.26相似性较高.10份扬中杂草稻可以聚合为2个组群,2个组群间的相似系数为0.74,2个组群间在株高、穗长、落粒率上存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).表明扬中地区的杂草稻可能是由于栽培稻的基因重组或回复突变产生的返祖遗传.