北伐期间日本的“满蒙观”与“九·一八”事变

摘要

During the Northern Expedition,when Japan was facing the trend that the northeastern region would be united by the central government of China,three different policies were suggested to abandon,be-relative or capture Manchuria and Mongolian.The abandon policy recognized the awakened Chinese nationalism,focused on the whole economic benefits of China and called for cancelling imperialism,which made it a bright spot in the history of Japan’s Chinese policy,although it was too weak to be the main steam.The be-relative policy also recognized the awakened Chinese nationalism and focused on economic expansion,but it could not bear to cancel imperialism and finally made Japan an armed invader.The capture policy advocated military and power,which made Japan a direct planner of the incident at September 18th in 1931.%北伐时期日本面对东北亦将被统一于中国中央政府之下的局势,出现了＂满蒙放弃论＂、＂满蒙相对论＂与＂满蒙领有论＂3种不同的政策主张。＂满蒙放弃论＂由于承认中国的民族主义觉醒、重视中国全局的经济利益而放弃了帝国主义,在近代日本对华政策史上留下了理智克己的一笔,但其力量有限未能成为主流。＂满蒙相对论＂虽也承认中国的民族主义觉醒并重视＂经济扩张＂手段,但却不能放弃帝国主义,最终沦为武力侵略者。＂满蒙领有论＂则奉行武力主义与强权主义,成为日本发动＂九·一八＂事变的直接策划者。