行政改革与日本自民党支配体制变迁

摘要

In Japan,administrative reforms and changes of the ruling system of the Liberal Democratic Par-ty are closely related.Within the LDP where the process of administrative reforms are intertwined with changes of its power structure,different personal performances of politicians usually lead to changes of their status and power,and in the early years of the 21st century the postal privatization reform has resul-ted in the rise and fall of each factional force.From the perspective of the process of decision-making,ad-ministrative reforms have continuously advanced the institutionalization of the mode of decision making characterized by the domination of prime minister,but their effectiveness has been affected by various fac-tors.The impact of administrative reforms on the social support base of the Liberal Democratic Party is complex.In the face of an increasingly diversified civil society,it is difficult for the LDP regime to solidify its social support base through administrative reforms.%在日本,行政改革与自民党支配体制的变迁密切关联.在自民党内部,行政改革的推进始终与其权力结构的变化交织在一起,不仅政治家个人因表现不同而导致其权力地位的消长变化,乃至21世纪初期的邮政民营化改革进一步导致了各派阀势力的兴衰.从决策过程的视角看,行政改革持续推进了"官邸主导"型决策模式的机制化建设,但其决策效益的发挥则受多重因素的影响.行政改革对自民党社会支持基础的影响则是复杂的,面对日趋多元化的市民社会,自民党政权是难以通过行政改革来"固化"其社会支持基础的.