轻型颅脑外伤患者焦虑的应对方式、社会支持相关因素的研究

摘要

目的 探讨轻型颅脑外伤焦虑患者的社会支持、应对方式.分析焦虑与社会支持、应对方式之间的相互关系.方法 选择150例轻型颅脑外伤患者应用汉密顿焦虑量表( HAMA)展开调查患者焦虑的出现状况；随机平均分为研究组和对照组,每组75例,对照组患者给予普通护理结合单纯的药物治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加心理干预内容.比较患者的社会支持和应对方式.观察两者的变化.问卷调查患者的应对方式、应用社会支持评定量表( SSRS)调查患者的社会支持水平.结果 经心理治疗后研究组严重焦虑率明显下降,与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).研究组与对照组两组间社会支持各因子均分的比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).两组解决问题倾向性、求助的倾向性、解决问题的有效性、求助的有效性的均分比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 轻型颅脑外伤患者焦虑的发生率较高,家庭与社会能够给予轻型颅脑外伤患者一定的社会支持,且患者采取积极的应对方式可减少焦虑.%Objective To explore the social support and Coping styles for minimal craniocerebral trauma patients anxiety,and analyze the relationship between social support,coping styles and anxiety.Methods selected 150 minimal craniocerebral trauma patients used Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA)to investigate appearing condition; randomly divided them into research group and control group averagely.control group patients were given ordinary nursing combining with simple drug therapy.Basing upon the methods of control group,research group were given psychological intervention content too.Compared the social support and coping styles.Observed changes of two groups.Used questionnaire to survey patients'coping styles,and used social support scale (SSRS) to survey the social support level of patients.Results Anxiety of minimal craniocerebral trauma patient was 91％.There was significant difference (P＜ 0.05)on each Social support factor between the two groups.There were significant differences (P＜ 0.05 on problem solving tendentiousness,seeking help tendentious,problem solving the effectiveness of the effectiveness,and asking for help (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Anxiety of minimal craniocerebral trauma patient were highly.The family and society should give minimal craniocerebral trauma patient certain social support.That tatients take positive way to deal with anxiety can reduce anxiety.