会阴切开对妇女盆底肌力的近期影响及盆底康复训练对改善盆底肌功能的作用

摘要

Objective To explore the effects of routine episiotomy and non-episiotomy on pelvic function and evaluate the effect of pelvic floor rehabilitation in improving pelvic floor function.Methods The healthy nulliparous women who delivered naturally and taking pelvic floor rehabilitation training at our Hospital from January to August,2015 were collected.Their pelvic floor conditions were evaluated 6 weeks after delivery.And they took pelvic floor rehabilitation treatment.Results 123 women were included into the study and divided into an episiotomy group (n=59) and a non-episiotomy group (n=64).The voltages of muscle fiber Ⅰ and Ⅱ were lower in the episiotomy group than in the non-episiotomy,and were higher after than before the treatment in both groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in the incidence of postpartum stress urinary incontinence between these two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Episiotomy affects pelvic floor function.Pelvic floor rehabilitation treatment can improve the pelvic floor muscle strength.%目的 探讨常规会阴切开与非会阴切开切两种方式对盆底功能的影响及经盆底康复训练后盆底肌功能的改善情况.方法 收集2015年1至8月在中山大学附属第一医院足月单胎头位经阴道自然分娩,并需要进行盆底康复治疗的初产妇.分娩后6周由专人对产妇的盆底情况进行评估,并对其进行盆底康复治疗.结果 共123例初产妇纳入研究,其中会阴切开组59例,非切开组64例.分娩后会阴切开组Ⅰ类肌纤维肌力及肌电值均低于非切开组(均P＜ 0.05);会阴切开组Ⅱ类肌纤维肌力及肌电值均低于非切开组(均P＜0.05);两组产后发生压力性尿失禁的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);经盆底康复治疗后两组Ⅰ类及Ⅱ类肌纤维的肌力均较治疗前提高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).结论 会阴切开损伤女性盆底功能,盆底康复治疗可提高盆底肌力.