新生儿上气道梗阻诊治的新进展

摘要

The most common etiology of neonatal upper airway obstruction is congenital abnormalities,including choanal atresia,Pierre Robin sequence,occupational lesions,laryngomalacia,and so on.Some patients are after birth with dyspnea,severe cases with suffocation,and even death.Due to lack of specific clinical manifestations in early neonatal periode,it is usually misdiagnosed as other respiratory diseases.Therefore,early identification of the etiology,as soon as possible to relieve the obstruction,is particularly critical in the prevention of suffocation for the upper airway obstruction in the neonatal period.%新生儿上气道梗阻的病因多为先天发育异常,包括鼻后孔闭锁、Pierre Robin序列征、各种占位病变及喉软化等,部分患儿生后即出现呼吸困难,重者窒息,甚至死亡.由于新生儿早期缺乏特异的临床表现,所以往往被误诊为其他呼吸系统疾病.因此,对新生儿期的上气道梗阻,尽早识别病因,尽快解除梗阻,对预防窒息或猝死发生尤为关键.