环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是一类通过特殊的选择性剪切机制而产生的非编码RNA分子,其在机体发育代谢过程中发挥重要调节作用,具有结构稳定、高度保守性以及组织在不同发育阶段具有高度特异性等特征.研究发现,中枢神经系统中存在大量的circRNA,不仅与神经细胞的发育、分化和生理功能密切相关,在脑损伤后引起的神经系统病变和功能失调中也具有重要的调节作用.因此深入研究环状RNA的结构与生理学功能,有益于更好地了解其致病机制,并从基因水平上为脑损伤疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供新的策略.%Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of highly stable,long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs),which shows greater conserved across species and highly specific in different tissue and development stage.There are numerous circRNAs in the central nervous system,which are not only closely related to development,differentiation and biological function of neuronal cells,also play a crucial role in nerve lesions and dysfunction after brain injury.Specific circular RNA could contribute to the regulation of gene expression by acting as miRNA sponges,involving in the protection against apoptosis in neurons and regeneration after brain injury.A comprehensive understanding of the specific circular RNA function and its underlying mechanism in the brain can provide a new strategy for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of brain injury at gene level.
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