健康素养对中青年首发脑卒中患者就医延迟意向的影响分析

摘要

目的：调查了解中青年首发脑卒中患者健康素养和就医延迟意向现状，并探讨健康素养对就医延迟意向的影响。方法：采用自行设计的一般情况调查表、健康素养调查表和脑卒中就医延迟意向测评量表(SPDBI)对广州市某三级甲等综合医院的107名中青年首发脑卒中患者进行问卷调查。结果：中青年首发脑卒中患者的SPDBI得分为(94.72±14.35)分，总分及各维度的得分均明显高于国内常模；健康素养得分为(123.86±25.47)分，总分及基本保健得分明显高于国内常模；患者的健康素养得分与SPDBI得分及其各维度均呈负相关(P<0.05)；分层回归分析结果显示，健康素养中的健康知识、健康行为、健康信念和健康技能是就医延迟意向的单独影响因素(P<0.05)。结论：中青年首发脑卒中患者健康素养不足是就医延迟意向的重要原因，提示临床医护人员应加强健康教育，以引导患者及时就医和提高临床治疗效果。%Objective:To investigate initial stroke young and middle-aged patients’ health literacy and current status of their intentional delay to see the doctor, and to explore the impact of health literacy on intentional delay to see the doctor.Methods:We carried out a questionnaire survey on 107 young and middle-aged patients with initial stroke in a Grade III, Class A hospital in Guangzhou with a self-designed general situation questionnaire, a health literacy questionnaire and a SPDBI.Results:hTe SPDBI score of initial stroke young and middle-aged patients was 94.72±14.35; the total score and score of each dimension were signiifcantly higher than national norm. hTe score of health literacy was 123.86±25.47; the total score and score of basic health care were signiifcantly higher than national norm. Patient’s health literacy score was positively correlated with SPDBI score and the score of each dimension (P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that health knowledge, health behavior and health belief and health skills of health literacy were separate inlfuencing factors of intentional delay to see the doctor (P<0.05).Conclusion: Initial stroke young and middle-aged patients’ inadequate health literacy is an important reason of intentional delay to see the doctor. It is requested that clinical medical workers strengthen patients’ health education, so as to lead patients to going to see the doctor in time and improve the clinical therapeutic effect.