目的 探讨PCR-反向点杂交分型技术在临床人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染基因分型中的应用.方法 采用PCR-反向点杂交分型技术,对1 702例女性进行下生殖道23种HPV亚型感染筛查.结果 HPV总感染率为17.6%(300/1 702),有21种型别被检出,感染率最高的为低危HPV43型(3.82%),其他型别分别为HPV16(3.70%)、52(2.70%)、6(2.47%)、58(1.88%)、18(1.76%)、56(1.53%)、68(1.29%)、11(0.88%)、33(0.82%)、66(0.71%)、59(0.59%)、53(0.53%)、42(0.53%)、31(0.35%)、73(0.24%)、51(0.18%)、35(0.18%)、83(0.12%)、45(0.06%)和39(0.06%),高危型感染13.9%(237/1 702),低危型感染6.4%(109/1 702),多型感染3.5%(59/1 702);1 702例HPV感染高峰年龄为大于或等于50岁(29.41%),各年龄段HPV感染检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 PCR-反向杂交分型技术能够同时检测高危和低危HPV,可判断多型感染,在临床诊断和普查方面均有重要意义.%Objective To evaluate the application of PCR based reverse blot hybridization assay (PCR RDB) for detecting hu man papilomavious (HPV) subtype, and screen the infection status of HPV in female outpatients. Methods A total of 1 702 cases of female outpatients were detected for 23 types of HPV DNA by PCR RDB during May 2011 and September 2011. Results The total infection rate of HPV was 17. 6%(300/l 702). 21 subtypes could be detected, including 3. 82% for HPV43, which was the most common type, and the other common types, in descending order of frequency, were HPV16(3. 70%), 52(2. 70%), 6 (2. 47%), 58(1. 88%), 18(1. 76%), 56(1. 53%), 68(1. 29%), 11(0. 88%), 33(0. 82%), 66 (0. 71 %), 59 (0. 59%) , 53 (0. 53%), 42(0. 53%), 31(0. 35%), 73(0. 24%), 51(0.18%), 35(0.18%), 83(0.12%), 45(0.06%) and 39(0. 06%). The o verall prevalence of high rist, low risk and multiplex infection was 13. 9%(237/1 702), 6.4%(109/l 702) and 3.5%(59/１702), respectively. The prevalence of HPV infection peaked in patients more than or equal with 50 years old. There was significant differ ence of HPV positive rates between different age groups(P<0. 05). Conclusion The low risk HPV43 and high risk HPV16 could be the most common phenotypes in this area, with higher infection rate of high risk HPV genotypes and existence of multiple geno types infection. The prevalence of HPV infection peaked in females more than or equal with 50 years old. PCR RDB could be an ef fective method to detect HPV subtype in clinical.
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