不同动物红细胞制备实验教学用溶血素的方法探讨

摘要

目的 检测绵羊红细胞(SRBC)和猪红细胞(PRBC)分别经2种程序免疫家兔所制得溶血素的效价,并比较几种溶血素在医学免疫学实验中的应用效果,以寻求制备符合免疫学实验及教学需求的高效价溶血素的较好方法.方法 40只雄性家兔分为4组,分别用SRBC和PRBC,间隔2 d经不同程序免疫家兔制备溶血素,再用补体溶血试验检测几种溶血素的效价,比较其在免疫学实验教学中的应用,并探讨高效价溶血素的制备方法.结果 经补体溶血试验测得几种溶血素效价,A组兔抗-SRBC血清效价为1∶4 800;B组兔抗-PRBC血清效价为1∶1 200;C组兔抗-SRBC血清效价为1∶1 000,D组兔抗-PRBC血清效价为1∶200.结论 用SRBC制备的溶血素效价均高于相同方法下用PRBC制备的溶血素;红细胞抗原相同时,采取先皮内全血注射后耳缘静脉接种的免疫方法制备的溶血素效价也要高于单纯采取耳缘静脉注射的免疫方法制备的溶血素;且 PRBC可代替SRBC免疫家兔,制备满足实验教学要求的溶血素.%Objective To detect different animal erythrocyte hemolysins titer,and compare the application of these hemolysins in immunological experimental teaching,for selecting the better method of preparing high titer hemolysin for experimental teaching of medical immunology.Methods A total of 40 experiment rabbits were divided into 4 groups in this study,and immunized by sheep red blood cell(SRBC) and porcine red blood cell(PRBC) through different immunization procedures to prepare the hemolysin,detect and compare these 4 groups hemolysins titer by the complement hemolysis test.Results Rabbit Anti-SRBC in the group A was 1∶4 800,rabbit Anti-PRBC in the group B was 1∶1 200,rabbit Anti-SRBC in the group C was 1∶1 000,rabbit Anti-PRBC in the group D was 1∶200.Conclusion The hemolysin titer of the rabbit Anti-PRBC was lower than that of the rabbit Anti-SRBC by the same immunization procedures,and the immunization procedure by intradermal multi-point and auricular vein injection is the better method of preparing high titer hemolysin,so PRBC could replace SRBC as antigen,and immunize the rabbits for preparing hemolysin,which could be used in experimental teaching of medical immunology.