血清前白蛋白和白蛋白与不同年龄段急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归的相关性

摘要

目的 探讨不同年龄段急性缺血性卒中患者血清前白蛋白和白蛋白水平与短期转归的相关性.方法 前瞻性连续纳入发病48 h内入院的急性缺血性卒中患者.在发病后14 d应用改良Rankin量表评估功能转归情况,0～2分定义为转归良好.根据患者年龄分为中青年组(＜60岁)和老年组(≥60岁).比较总体患者以及不同年龄段患者转归良好组与转归不良组的人口统计学、基线临床资料和实验室检查结果.应用多变量logistic回归分析确定短期转归的独立影响因素.结果 共纳入急性缺血性卒中患者622例,其中男性402例(64.6％),女性220例(35.4％);中青年组206例(33.1％),老年组416例(66.9％);转归良好310例(49.8％),转归不良312例(50.2％).转归良好组男性、老年、高脂血症、糖尿病、既往卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)史的患者构成比以及年龄、体重指数、前白蛋白、白蛋白、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、尿素氮和尿酸水平与转归不良组差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).多变量logistic回归分析显示,女性[优势比(odds ratio,OR)1.522,95％可信区间(confidence interval,CI)1.023 ～ 2.266;P=0.038]、糖尿病(OR 1.789,95％ CI1.171 ～2.735;P=0.007)以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(OR 1.251,95％ CI 1.017～ 1.539;P=0.034)、总胆红素(OR1.054,95％ CI1.029～1.081;P＜0.001)、尿素氮(OR 1.245,95％ CI1.100～1.409;P=0.001)和基线美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分(OR 2.854,95％ CI1.027～3.628;P=0.019)较高为转归不良的独立危险因素,而前白蛋白(OR 0.798,95％ CI0.633～0.979;P =0.034)和白蛋白(OR 0.741,95％ CI0.693～0.988;P=0.020)较高为转归良好的独立预测因素.在中青年患者中,转归良好组糖尿病和小动脉闭塞的患者构成比以及年龄、三酰甘油和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与转归不良组差异有统计学意义(P均＜ 0.05);多变量logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病(OR 2.343,95％ CI 1.127 ～4.871;P=0.023)和基线NIHSS评分较高(OR 2.041,95％ CI1.304～4.125;P=0.027)为转归不良的独立危险因素,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇较高(OR0.742,95％ CI0.639 ～0.937;P=0.044)为转归良好的独立预测因素.在老年患者中,转归良好组男性、既往卒中或TIA史、心源性栓塞的患者构成比以及前白蛋白、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素和尿酸水平与转归不良组差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);多变量logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病(OR 2.797,95％ CI1.153 ～4.756;P=0.039)、基线NIHSS评分较高(OR 2.586,95％ CI.033 ～3.435;P=0.035)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇较高(OR1.304,95％ CI1.027 ～1.656;P=0.029)为转归不良的独立危险因素,而前白蛋白较高为转归良好的独立预测因素(OR0.795,95％ CI0.691 ～0.998;P=0.002).结论 前白蛋白和白蛋白是急性缺血性卒中患者短期转归良好的独立预测因素.血清前白蛋白在老年人群(≥60岁)中的保护作用更为明显.%Objective To investigate the correlations of serum prealbumin and albumin with the shortterm outcome in patients with acute cerebral infarction in different age groups.Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to hospital with 48 h were prospectively enrolled in the study.The modified Rankin Scale was used to assess the functional outcomes at 14 d after onset,0-2 was defined as a good outcome.According to the age of the patients,they were divided into either a young and middle-aged group (＜ 60 years) or an elderly group (≥60 years).The demography,baseline clinical data and laboratory findings of the patients were compared in the overall patients and the different age groups between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of short-term outcomes.Results A total of 622 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,including 402 (64.6％) males and 220 (35.4％) females;206 (33.1％) were in the young and middle-aged group,and 416 (66.9％) were in the elderly group;310 (49.8％) had good outcomes and 312 (50.2％) had poor outcomes.There were significant differences in the proportions of patients in male,old people,hyperlipidemia,diabetes mellitus,history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA),as well as age,body mass index,levels of prealbumin,albumin,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol low-density lipoprotein cholesterol total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,indirect bilirubin,urea nitrogen,and uric acid between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group (all P ＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the female (odds ratio [OR] 1.522,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.023-2.266;P =0.038),diabetes (OR 1.789,95％ CI 1.171-2.735;P =0.007) and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 1.251,95％ CI 1.017-1.539;P =0.034),total bilirubin (OR 1.054,95％ CI 1.029-1.081;P＜0.001),urea nitrogen (OR 1.245,95％ CI 1.100-1.409;P=0.001),and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR 2.854,95％ CI 1.027-3.628;P =0.019) were the independent risk factors for poor outcomes,and higher prealbumin (OR 0.798 95％ CI 0.633-0.979;P =0.034) and albumin (OR 0.741,95％ CI 0.693-0.988;P =0.020) were the independent predictors of good outcomes.In the young and middle-aged patients,there were significant differences in the proportions of patients with small artery occlusion as well as age,triglyceride,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group (all P ＜0.05);multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR 2.343 95％ CI 1.127-4.871;P=0.023) and higher baseline NIHSS scores (OR 2.041,95％ CI 1.304-4.125;P =0.027) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome,and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0.742 95％ CI 0.639-0.937;P =0.044)was an independent predictor for good outcome.In the elderly patients,there were significant differences in the proportions of patients in male,previous stroke or TIA,and cardiogenic embolism,as well as prealbumin,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,indirect bilirubin,and uric acid levels between the good outcome group and the poor outcome group (all P ＜ 0.05);multivariate logistic regression the analysis showed that diabetes (OR 2.797,95％ CI 1.153-4.756;P =0.039),higher baseline NIHSS score (OR 2.586,95％ CI 1.033-3.435;P =0.035) and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 1.304,95％ CI 1.027-1.656;P =0.029) were the independent risk factors for poor outcome,and higher prealbumin was an independent predictor for good outcome (OR 0.795,95％ CI 0.691-0.998;P =0.002).Conclusions Prealbumin and albumin are the independent predictors for short-term good outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.The protective effect of serum prealbumin is more obvious in the elderly population (≥60 years).