Nod样受体蛋白3炎症小体在机械通气相关性肺损伤中作用机制的研究进展

摘要

背景机械通气(mechanical ventilation,MV)是治疗急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)和急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)等危重患者和全身麻醉维持的极其重要的手段.但MV如果使用不当也可引起或加重肺损伤,称为机械通气相关性肺损伤(ventilator induced lung injury,VILI),此为MV最严重的并发症.关于VILI的作用机制已有多方面的研究,但研究机制并不全面.以往研究中,MV激活炎症反应所导致的肺的生物性损伤已成为公认的观点,而Nod样受体蛋白3(NLR family pyrin domain containing 3,NLRP3)炎症小体在其中发挥重要作用,但具体作用机制并不完全清楚.目的 通过对NLRP3炎症小体在VILI中作用的研究来指导临床实践.内容深入探讨NLRP3炎症小体引起VILI的作用机制.趋向明确NLRP3炎症小体在VILI中的作用将为临床预防、治疗VILI提供更进一步的理论指导.%Background Mechanical ventilation (MV) is frequently used during general anesthesia and as a lifesaving intervention in critical patients with acute lung injury(ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS). Whereas, MV can also cause or aggravate the lung injury if in an improper way, which is called ventilator induced lung injury (VILI) that is the most serious complication. Although there were lots of research related on VILI, the mechanisms need to be further elucidated. The biological damage of lung tissue induced by inflammation during VILI was fully clarified, however, NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome also play a crucial role during VILI even though the mechanism is unclear. Objective It is of great significance to clarify the effects of NLRP3 inflammasome in VILI. Content To thoroughly investigate the mechanism of lung injury under MV induced by NLRP3 inflammasome. Trend Realize the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in VILI, which points out the direction for preventing or treating VILI in clinical.