中高一贯制：日本学制改革的一种选择

摘要

中高一贯制作为20世纪末期以来日本学制改革的措施之一，其目的在于实现中等教育的多样化，使具有不同能力和个性的学生选择多种学校成为可能。不过，随着中高一贯制学校的增多，出现了诸如校际差距加大、考试竞争低龄化等问题，不但没有提高教育的效率，反而造成严重的教育危机。这说明仅仅用新自由主义的市场理念来推动学制改革有很大的局限性。%As one of the reforms in the school system since the end of the 20th century, the combined junior/senior high school education, based on the current school system, is a newly created form of education which gives entrants a consistent six-year-lasting education without entrance examination or scholastic test. The aim is to diversify the secondary education, so that students with different abilities and personalities can have more choices. However, with the increase of the combined junior/senior high schools, problems like huge gap between schools, lowering trend of exam competitions emerge, which does not increase the education efficiency but has caused a serious education crisis. This indicates only using neo-liberalism to promote the reform in the school system has a huge limitation.