中国企业热衷于国际代工的现象的原因一直是一个谜。基于苏州地区制造业和服务业的企业样本，本文验证了企业从事国际代工的概率与其竞争力间存在着倒U型关系。本文从新新贸易理论的“异质性”视角来阐述企业的竞争力，即将异质性拓展为企业生产率、创新性、品牌影响力、企业家社会网络等多个异质特征，并研究了它们对企业国际代工战略的影响。总样本的实证结果表明，影响企业国际代工战略的主要因素不是企业的异质性，而是企业家的社会网络（海外工作和学习背景）这个独特的变量。在控制了企业类型、产品类型、企业规模、所有制、竞争力的情况下，影响企业国际代工战略的主要因素是各自的异质性。例如，制造业企业生产率越高，代工可能性越低；服务业企业规模越大，接包可能性越低；品牌影响力越大的企业，代工可能性越低；竞争力强的企业生产率越高，代工可能性越低；竞争力弱的企业生产率越高，代工可能性越高。%We study the main determinants of firms' international OEM strategy-making by examining 310 firms in Suzhou. Our main hypothesis is that there exists an inverted-U shape relationship between the probability of international OEM strategy-making and firm competitiveness, since only firms reaching a certain level of competiveness will create their own brands. We decompose firm's competiveness into several variables, such as heterogeneity of firms, innovation, brands and enterprisers' background, and study their effects on firms' international OEM strategy-making. Results from the total sample indicate the enterprisers' background is the main determinant of firms' international OEM strategy-making, and results from classified sample show firms choose international OEM by their heterogeneity, i.e., their competitiveness.
展开▼
