实现高精度红外探测的冷光学技术

摘要

High sensitivity and low noise are necessary requirements for infrared detection technology, and one of effective means to achieve this goal is the cold optics technology. Correspondingly, cold optics technical maturity further promotes the rapid development of infrared detection. This article reviews relevant literature on typical foreign refrigeration equipment of ground-based large aperture telescope, and briefly describes their cooled infrared instrument. From the perspective of the engineering applications, several elements of the infrared optics were described, such as cryostat production, optical and mechanical design, the detector installation’s key design points and considerations in cold optics processing.%高灵敏度、低噪声是红外探测技术的必然要求，实现这一目标的有效手段之一就是冷光学技术。冷光学技术的成熟又进一步促进了红外探测的快速发展。通过查阅相关文献资料，对国外典型地基大口径望远镜制冷红外设备的冷光学部分作了简要介绍，从工程应用的角度阐述了红外光学技术的各要素，如低温恒温器制作、光学和机械结构设计、探测器安装等在冷光学处理中的设计要点和注意事项。