目的:初步探讨慢性肾脏病患者不同分期中医证候要素的分布情况,为中医临床辨证提供可能的参考.方法:采用描述性统计,初步探讨不同分期中医症状及证候要素的分布情况.结果:慢性肾脏病1、2期患者以脾肾气虚为主,兼有血瘀.3期以肝肾气阴两虚为主,可兼有不同程度的阳虚、血瘀证.4期以肝肾气阴两虚为主,兼脾肾阳虚、血瘀证及湿浊证.5期虚实夹杂,气血阴阳俱虚,阳虚证表现突出,兼挟湿浊、水气、血瘀证.结论:慢性肾脏病中医证候特点为本虚标实,血瘀证贯穿疾病的始终；本虚证从早期的气阴两虚证,逐渐发展到晚期的阴阳俱虚,标实证以血瘀证、湿浊证为主.%Objective: Syndrome factors were studied preliminarily among 451 patients with chronic kidney disease of different stages, which can be a reference for the TCM clinical differentiation of syndrome. Methods: Descriptive statistics were adopted,and TCM symptoms and syndrome factors were studied preliminarily. Results; Chronic kidney disease patients in stages one and two were mainly spleen - kidney Qi deficiency syndrome blood stasis syndrome. Patients in stage three were mainly liver - kidney Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome and varying degrees of Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Patients in stage four were mainly liver - kidney Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome, spleen - kidney Yang deficiency syndrome, water - damp syndrome and blood stasis syndrome. Patients in stage five were deficiency and excess syndromes,which were Qi,xue, Yin and Yang deficiency syndroms, water - damp syndrome, retained water syndrome and blood stasis syndrome. Conclusion: TCM Syndrome character of chronic kidney disease is Ben - deficiency syndrome and the Biao -excess syndrome, and blood stasis syndrome is accompanied; The Ben - deficiency syndrome in early stages which are Qi and Yin deficiency is developed to Yin and Yang deficiency syndrome in the late stage. The Biao - excess syndrome is mainly characterized by water - damp syndrome and blood stasis syndrome.
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