具有政府回收约束的闭环供应链回收再制造决策模型

摘要

In a recycling and remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain,a third party buys the waste products back from customers to manufacturers.In order to encourage recycling,a minimal recycling rate is designated by the government with reward-penalty policy.A multi-level model is presented to describe such a supply chain with a function that describes the government reward-penalty policy.With this model,effect of parameter variation on the recycling rate and profit of the members in the chain is analyzed.Further,optimal solutions are obtained for three different situations.This method is applied to a practical case problem.%在回收和再制造的闭环供应链中,一个第三方替制造方从用户中买回废旧产品.为了激励废旧产品的回收再制造,政府对制造商设定一个最低回收率,并且对制造商的回收进行奖惩;同时考虑第三方的回收努力,建立了基于第三方负责回收的多级再制造闭环供应链模型,设计了政府与制造商之间的奖惩函数;讨论比较了制造商不回收废旧产品、没有政府奖惩时回收再制造废旧产品和考虑政府约束时回收再制造废旧产品等3种情形下的最优策略,并且分析了参数变化对回收率和供应链成员企业收益的影响;结合国内某家电制造商废旧家电回收再制造的运作情况进行了仿真计算与分析.