考虑工人行走的作业时间随机分布的U型线平衡

摘要

In a U-type production line, often the operation time is subject to random fluctuation and it takes time for an operator to go from one workstation to another. With these factors considered, the U-line balancing problem is addressed in this paper. Given cycle time and workstation completion rate, a mathematical model of minimizing the number of workstations is presented. Then, a solution method that combines genetic algorithm and simulation is proposed. Based on the layout of the line and the precedence relation of the tasks, an operator's walking route can be determined by simulation. Thus, the time taken for operator's walking is obtained, so is the time for processing a task. In this way, the balancing problem can be solved. A numerical example is given to show the effectiveness of the approach.%针对工人作业时间随机分布并与工人行走路径时间相互独立的U型线平衡问题,运用遗传算法与仿真建模分析相结合的方法求解.在给定的节拍与完工率下,以最小化工作站数目为目标,设计遗传算法求解作业元素分配序列.基于作业序列建立U型线布局仿真模型,模拟工人行走路径以及工人作业时间的随机分布,仿真结果得到各个工作站实际完工率达到给定的完工率下的最小工作站数,并得出工人行走时间不可忽略.最后结合实例验证方法是有效的.