超声微波耦合催化合成蔗糖脂肪酸酯

摘要

Sucrose fatty acid ester( SE )was prepared by the solvent-free method under the condition of ultrasonic coupling microwave. The influence of types and dosage of the catalysts,ultrasonic power,the molar ratio of ester to sucrose and reaction temperatures on SE yield was investigated. The experimental results showed that the ultrasonic combined with microwave played a good role in promoting the ester exchange reaction for the preparation of SE,and under the action of ultrasonic coupling microwave, sucrose and fatty acid methyl ester could form relatively good emulsification state. The organic titanium catalyst possessed good catalytic performance for sucrose and fatty acid methyl ester exchange reaction, and had the advantages of low dosage and high activity compared with alkali catalyst. Using tetraisopropyl titanate as the catalyst,and under the condition of ultrasonic microwave coupling system,the highest yield of SE could reach 86. 6%,including 92. 7% of monoester.%通过超声微波耦合作用，采用无溶剂法制备蔗糖脂肪酸酯，研究催化剂类型、催化剂用量、超声微波功率、酯糖物质的量比和反应温度对蔗糖脂肪酸酯产率的影响。结果表明，超声微波耦合对蔗糖与脂肪酸甲酯的酯交换反应具有良好的促进作用，超声微波耦合作用下，蔗糖和脂肪酸甲酯能够形成较为良好的乳化状态。有机钛催化剂对蔗糖与脂肪酸甲酯的酯交换反应具有极佳的催化性能，与碱催化剂相比，具有用量少和活性高的特点。以钛酸四异丙酯为催化剂，在超声微波耦合体系中，蔗糖脂肪酸酯最高产率可达86.6%，其中，产品单酯含量为92.7%。