低碳烷烃选择性氧化高分散活性位催化剂的研究进展

摘要

石油资源的过渡消耗导致化工原料短缺危机,低碳烷烃选择性氧化可以有效缓解危机并降低化工原料成本.高分散活性位催化剂在低碳烷烃选择性氧化反应中具有特殊催化作用和广阔的应用前景,在石油化工行业发展中具有巨大的潜能.基于国内外研究者在高分散活性位催化剂用于低碳烷烃选择性氧化领域的研究工作,介绍高分散活性位催化剂的制备方法,总结低碳烷烃选择性氧化高分散活性位催化剂体系,分析低碳烷烃选择性氧化反应机理.重点评述钒基、钼基和铁基高分散活性位催化剂用于低碳烷烃选择性氧化反应的催化性能及反应机理.并对高分散活性位催化剂在低碳烷烃选择性氧化中存在的问题、发展趋势和应用前景进行总结和展望.%Currently,the crisis of chemical raw material shortage is caused by excessive consumption of petroleum resources. Selective oxidation of low alkanes can effectively alleviate the crisis and reduce the cost of chemical raw materials.Recently,many researches have demonstrated that highly dispersed active site catalysts play important role and exhibit promising application in selective oxidation of low alkanes, and they provide enormous potential for development of petroleum chemical industry.In this paper,based on the previous achievements on highly dispersed active site catalysts for selective oxidation of low alkanes,preparation methods of highly dispersed active site catalysts were summarized.Reaction mecha-nisms of low alkanes selective oxidation were analyzed. Catalyst systems with highly dispersed active sites were summarized.Catalytic performance and reaction mechanism of vanadium -based,molybdenum -based and iron-based highly dispersed active sites catalysts for selective oxidation of low carbon alkanes were introduced.Finally,the existing problems,development tendency and application prospect,which are related to application of high dispersed active site catalysts in the selective oxidation of low alkanes,were summarized and prospected.