不同氮肥施用量对红菜薹产量和品质的影响

摘要

研究了不同氮肥施用量对红菜薹产量和品质的影响.结果表明:适量施氮能够显著提高红菜薹的产量、经济效益及商品品质,红菜薹产量随氮肥用量的增加呈先增后降的趋势,施氮平均增产41.8%,平均增收0.48万元/hm;施用氮肥显著增加了红菜薹中硝酸盐的含量.可食部分硝酸盐含量随着施氮量的增加呈增加的趋势,但不同施氮水平的红菜薹可食部分硝酸盐含量均符合无公害蔬菜硝酸盐含量标准(叶菜类≤3 000 mg/kg);施用氮肥能显著提高红菜薹Vc含量,提高94.8%～171.1%;在本试验条件下,基于产量、经济效益和商品品质的红菜薹适宜氮素(N)用量范围为440-490 kg/hm.%The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and quality of Brassica compestris L. var. purpurea Bailey (Hong Cai-tai) were studied. The results showed that proper application of nitrigen significantly improved yield economic benefit and quality of Hong Cai-tai; the yield of Hong Cai-tai tended to increase at first and then decrease with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rate; the nitrogen application averagely increased yield of Hong Cai-tai by 41.8％, and averagely increased income by 4 800 yuan/hm2; application of nitrogen fertilizer can increase content of nitrate in Hong Cai-tai obviously, and the content of edible nitrate incteased with incteasing nitrogen fertilizer rate, but the content of edible nitrate in Hong Cai-tai with different nitrogen fertilizer rates was below the criterion of National Sanitary Quality for No-polluted Vegetables (nitrate contents in leafy vegetables ≤3 000 mg/kg); application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased Vc content in Hong Cai-tai by 94.8％ to 171.1％; the proper fertilizer rate of N for Hong Cai-tai based on yield, economic benefit and quality was 440～490 kg/hm2 under the conditions in this experiment.